![]() Instead of forming an entire phrase, you can just replace it with the appropriate participle. Use of the participle as an adjective to indicate a temporary relationship between two things ¡Dios! ❼uántas chicas tiene Luis? Siempre rodeado de ellas.(Geez, how many girls does Luis have? Always surrounded by them.) *note that cubrir has an irregular past participle. ¡Siempre cubierto de mugre! ❾s que vives en un granero? (Always covered with filth. Use of the participle as an adjective for repeated situationsįor these types of situations that happen frequently or repeatedly, use adverbs such as siempre, otra vez or de nuevo. ¿ Enfadada yo? Eres tú quien está enfadado, Pablo.(Me, mad? You’re the one who’s mad, Pablo.) ¿ Sorprendido, Ernesto? ¡Soy yo, tu amor perdido!(Surprised, Ernesto? It is I, your lost love!)Įl rey, ¿ muerto? ¡Dime que no es verdad!(The king, dead? Tell me it’s not true!) Here, the participle is used to make an exclamation, interject or refer to a state of being or situation. Use of the participle as an adjective independently ¡Abre las ventanas! No me gustan las ventanas cerradas.(Open the windows! I don’t like closed windows.) Rosalba está enfadada.(Rosabla is upset.) ![]() Use the participle as you would any other adjective and make sure it agrees with the gender and quantity of the noun it's describing. Regular use of the participle as an adjective Notice that the participle as an adjective must agree with the gender (masculine/feminine) and quantity (singular/plural) of the noun to which it refers. ![]() How about that? By learning one word, you’ve really learned two now!Īs an adjective, the participle indicates the result of an action or a state of being, much the same as in English. The past participle is often used as an adjective. Notice a pattern? The past participle never changes. Just use what you know about the verb tenses to conjugate haber and add the past participle.Ĭheck out this article if you want more guidance on the perfect tenses (or any other Spanish tense!).īut now that you know how to form past participles and how to use them with perfect tenses, let’s look at other ways we can use the participle in Spanish. All you have to do is tack on the past participle to your conjugated haberand you’ve got yourself a perfect tense! Tense In English, the present perfect would be, “Erin has swum every day this summer.” In Spanish, “ Erin ha nadado todos los días este verano.”įorming the perfect is straightforward you only have to ever really worry about conjugating one verb: haber. Perfect constructions are used to express that an action began in the past and has continued happening up until the present (or the moment indicated if you’re speaking in the past or the future). You’ll most commonly see the past participle used in perfect constructions. Sorry, but the only way to learn these irregulars is to memorize them! The Many Uses of the Spanish Past Participle The Past Participle in Perfect Tenses There are more irregular past participles, but these are a few of the most common. All you have to do is drop the ending ( -ar, -er or -ir) from the infinitive verb and add –ado or –ido, depending on the verb. It’s easy to form the past participle in Spanish. In this case our example translates to “ He olvidado,” where “he” (from haber) is the auxiliary verb and “ olvidado” (from olvidar) is the past participle. Spanish past participles work almost the same way. In this sentence, “have” is the auxiliary verb, or helping verb, and “forgotten” is the past participle of “to forget.” The past participle is a verb form that’s typically used with perfect tenses. This blog post is available as a convenient and portable PDF that youĬlick here to get a copy. Resources for Extra Spanish Past Participle Practice.The Past Participle Versus the Infinitive.The Many Uses of the Spanish Past Participle.So, without further ado, I present to you Spanish past participles and their many, many uses! Once you master this, you’ll be able to express yourself in a multitude of new ways and be amazed by all that the past participle can do. This is great for lazy learners (hey I’m lazy too!). You’re about to discover one of the most efficient ways of learning Spanish past participles. ![]() The Past Participle in Spanish: The Lazy Learner’s Favorite Grammar Trick
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